[TITLE]


Literacy Rate Illiterate Population
63.9 % 1.0 million
source :  2000 figures estimated by UNESCO Institute for Statistics, July 2002


National Literacy Goals
YEAR 2005 2010 2015
Total adult literacy rate (%) 45.1 ... ...
Female adult literacy rate (%) 40.3 ... ...
Male adult literacy rate (%) 49.5 ... ...

Definition of a Literate Person

A person is literate who can with understanding both read and write in any language a short simple statement or paragraph on his/her everyday life.

Name of National Literacy Agency

National Literacy and Awareness Secretariat (NLAS)

"Literacy Facts and Figures" of Papua New Guinea
Structure of National Literacy Agency

Number of NGOs working in the field of literacy 60 or more
Number of literacy classes in most recent year Approximately 5,000
Number of classroom hours designated to achieve basic literacy Not determined centrally


National Policies and Strategies
National Policies on Literacy / Non-formal Education in Latest Policy Document on Education

The Policy
Preamble
The National Goals and Directive Principles of the PNG Constitution places importance on democracy, national unity, cultural heritage, integral human development, equality and participation. In order to practise what Papua New Guineans pledge to do, there must be the opportunity for all people who are print illiterate to become literate. The PNG National Literacy Policy embodies such an opportunity for those who are not catered for by the formal education system. We live in an increasingly print-saturated society. Literacy demands on people are increasing continually. Therefore, literacy development for all must be a national priority.

General policy statements
This policy addresses literacy activities, which are outside of the formal education system. A literacy policy clarifies policy issues; it says what is to be done. A literacy plan must show how the policy is to be implemented. The NLAC, through its executive arm, the NLAS, is charged with the responsibility of implementing this policy. One of the recommendations of the Task Force is that the NLAC be given the task of developing a literacy plan to implement this policy. The purpose of this policy is to establish guidelines for promoting non-formal literacy activities throughout PNG.

Literacy is not just reading and writing. It is about learning, thinking, critiquing and expanding vision; it is about encouraging a desire for life-long learning in all Papua New Guineans and equipping them with the skills to fulfill that desire.

Language is central to individual and group affiliation and culture maintenance. Literacy in PNG should be started in the vernacular languages of the communities so that it is meaningful and sustainable. Literacy must be seen as a means to an end; as a tool to achieve something meaningful and practical.

The policy reflects the importance of literacy
It is a statement of national literacy needs, priorities and goals to encourage programmes that will help meet the needs of children and adults who are not catered for by the formal education sector. They also need an opportunity to become proficient in speaking, reading and writing their mother tongue as well as one or more of the national languages. This will be a fulfillment of the National goal and directive principles of PNG's Constitution; that of integral human development.

The policy targets children and adults who are not catered for by the formal education system. Children less than six years old are the responsibility of their parents and community and are not addressed in this policy.

Training and Research
Training is essential to carry out this policy. Inter-organisation co-operation is essential in training literacy workers. Initiatives developed by government agencies, churches and missions or NGOs need to be shared or at least made known to other literacy agencies and workers. NLAC and NLAS are responsible for continuing to foster and facilitate inter-organisation networking and development of cooperative efforts. Research and development are an on-going part of the work of NLAC and NLAS.

Current Literacy / Non-formal Education Objectives /Strategies
The policy is based on five National Principles:
1.
Literacy for all Papua New Guineans;
2.
Equal educational opportunity for all;
3.
Integral human development for all;
4.
All PNG languages may be used as languages of instruction; and
5.
Equal opportunity for all to participate in national life.

The policy has five National Goals:
1.
All Papua New Guineans should develop and maintain effective literacy skills;
2.
Speaking, reading and writing the vernacular languages of PNG, as well as national languages, must be substantially expanded and improved;
3.
The vernaculars must be the beginning language of instruction for children, out-of-school youth, and adult literacy programmes through basic literacy and numeracy;
4.
Language services provided by interpreters and translators, the print and electronic media and libraries should be expanded and improved; and
5.
All Papua New Guineans must be encouraged to become print literate in their own language and one of the two national languages, Tokpisin or Hiri Motu.

The policy has five National Goals:
1.
To improve thinking, speaking, reading and writing skills;
2.
To strengthen traditional cultures and values through speaking, reading and writing;
3.
To raise literacy levels;
4.
To facilitate participation by all in national life by improving reading, writing and speaking skills; and
5.
To promote national unity through the ability to speak, read and write a national language.
Lessons Learned from Past Literacy Programmes and Activities
Do not start a programme that cannot be sustained.
More awareness is needed before the programmes are established.
The communities must know their roles and responsibilities and functions of the programmes.
At least have K300.00 in the account before starting the programme.
Prepare enough materials before establishing the programme.
Always start small and grow.
Set up monitoring and evaluation systems before starting.

[Updated in April 2003]

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